Analysis Of Tim O Brien s The Things They Carried ...

Xizhao Liu(Amber) American Literature Essay #3 Nov. 11, 2016 Male love in The Things They Carried The Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien is a fictional book consisting of different stories from Vietnam war. Tim O’Brien was trying to convey the real perspectives of the war to his readers by telling facts and stories through his personal memories he got from the war, and how things effect them and their life after the war. In order to express the tension in the war, O’Brien depicts the experience of the soldiers by showing the different ways of expression of male love from these soldiers. Although there are many forms of friendship, some of which may vary from place to place, the friendship in the war is the most unique one. As the definition of Friendship, Friendship is a stronger form of interpersonal bond than an association. The bond between soldiers is more intense and real, and this is also the message that Tim O’Brien shows in his book by using metaphor, details depicting and technique of repetition. Tim O’Brien uses metaphor of photos to express the life before, tie all soldiers together, and thus show the friendship of them. The Thing They Carried is not only describing the life in the Vietnam war, but is more about the things that they carried, and the emotions and stories behind these things. All soldiers bring some small items, like comic books and hunting hatchets, which contain their memory from the past, to the war. â€Å"My girl. What about her? The picture, it wasShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Tim O Brien s Things They Carried1183 Words   |  5 Pagespoetic qualities such as literary devices, imagery, and theme, and many more. Tim O’Brien’s Things They Carried depicts a fragmented stories about his and other soldiers’ experiences that occurred in the Vietnam War. Similarly, the poem, â€Å"Facing It† shows a soldier who returns to the Memorial of the Vietnam War where he recalls his own trauma in the war as he looks at the stone s. Both the prose, Things They Carried and the poem, â€Å"Facing it† conveys the similar theme where they are struggling toRead MoreAnalysis Of Tim O Brien s The Things They Carried Essay1574 Words   |  7 Pages To Ban or not to Ban : The Things They Carried Host: Hello and welcome to ban or not to ban, where the nations most exciting topics are discussed between opposing parties. Today we re debating whether or not to ban â€Å"Tim O Brien s novel The Things They Carried. In this book author Tim O’Brien depicts the Vietnam conflict by distinguishing between the role of whether or not to be a civilian or a soldier. Though the book is fictional, Tim O’Brien portrays himself as a man who strugglesRead MoreAnalysis Of Tim O Brien s The Things They Carried1097 Words   |  5 Pages The Silent Killer: An Analysis of Imagination Evolving into a Distraction in Tim O’Brien’s â€Å"The Things They Carried† In Tim O’Brien’s â€Å"The Things They Carried†, O’Brien created several allusions that each character endured during the Vietnam War. Throughout the story were vast representations of the things the soldiers carried both mentally and physically. The things they carried symbolized their individual roles internally and externally. In addition to the symbolism, imaginationRead MoreAnalysis Of Tim O Brien s The Things They Carried 1187 Words   |  5 PagesThere were many things the soldiers carried with them during the Vietnam War. They carried guns and ammo, rations and canteens, and things necessary for survival. The soldiers also carried letters, photographs and land of Vietnam itself. Tim O’Brien tells of this in The Things They Carried, a book detailing the lives of the soldiers in Vietnam through the things the men carried with them. Not everything the men carried was physical, however. The soldiers carried ghosts, memories, and burdens. Ever yoneRead MoreAnalysis Of Tim O Brien s The Things They Carried Essay2347 Words   |  10 PagesThe decision to go to war is not a decision that is taken lightly. In Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien faces cultural, social and political push factors that end up leading him to forgo his plan to dodge the draft, and to report as instructed, a mere yards away from his destination of Canada. In Leslie Marmon Silko’s Ceremony, Rocky and Tayo, two young Native American men, experience cultural, social and political pull factors that draw them into the Army, fighting the Second WorldRead MoreAnalysis Of Tim O Brien s The Things They Carried All Experience1859 Words   |  8 PagesYou: Tim O Brien s Methods To Overcome Loss Throughout the 1980s, Dr. Terence M. Keane ran experiments on a new idea called exposure therapy. The case studied how victims of trauma would react to being repeatedly shown places, imagines, and stories that mirrored theirs. In the study was twenty four veterans of the Vietnam War, and at the end of the study, they no longer had reactions classified as severe anxiety. Like the veterans in this case study, soldiers in Tim O Brien s The Things TheyRead MoreAnalysis Of Tim O Brien s The Things They Carried During The War Essay1532 Words   |  7 PagesIn this paper I will argue that in Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried during the war a person experience develop guilt from an event that happened during the war and how it affects them for life. The three people specifically, I will take about are First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross, Norman Bowker, and Tim. Telling about how the experienced guilt, where the guilt comes from, and if they ever find absolution. The first story of two stories for First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross feels guilty about the deathRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Things They Carried 2006 Words   |  9 Pages 1. Birth-October 1, 1946; present 2. The things they carried was written in the late 1980 s and published in 1990. The novel acts as a response to the era it discusses by solidifying the un-generalized version of war through fictional anecdotes from the narrator and characters. The truth is never portrayed through historic context or media, and with this novel, the author was able to reciprocate the emotions felt by soldiers from the graphic scenes or actions envisioned/written. 3. FactorsRead MoreThe Things They Carried Critical Analysis1538 Words   |  7 Pagesafter the Fall of Saigon, the Vietnam War remains an affliction for Vietnam War Veterans and their families. Millions of our youth were forced to leave their home and carry inconceivable burdens. Thus, as a Veteran, Tim O’Brien can depict thoroughly their burdens in â€Å"The Things They Carried†. His story brings us back to war-torn Vietnam and First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross and his platoon. Cross is the commanding officer; however, he does not concentrate on the war but on his unrequited love. As a resultRead MoreThe Vietnam War Has Far Reaching Consequences For The United States1710 Words   |  7 Pagesof American history is a national disgrace. This research paper will deal with some of the more intriguing aspects and effects of this war. Since the Vietnam conflict made absolutely no sense politically, militarily or economically, the value of analysis must come on the individual level. The Vietnam War had far-reaching consequences for the United States. This paper will exhaustively discuss how these issues caused the psychological effects of the Vietnam War on the soldiers morale afore the war

A Brief Note On Borderline Personality Disorder ( Adhd )

Assessing Borderline Personality Disorder Amanda Kissling Millersville University Introduction Treating individuals with Borderline Personality Disorders presents unique challenges for Clinicians and other service workers. Borderline personality disorder is described in the DSM-V as a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, (as well as) marked impulsivity (2013). Symptoms typically begin to present themselves in late adolescents and early adulthood with symptoms decreasing in severity with age. The DSM-V explains that individuals with BPD experience intense fear of abandonment, identity disturbance, suicidal and self-harm behaviors, and difficulty regulating mood, especially anger. Individuals with BPD typically experience delays in emotional awareness, emotional modulation, and impulse control. They are easily bored and typically rely heavily on others for attention, as they have difficulty entertaining themselves. (DSM-V, 2013) These intense symptoms make it difficult to successfully treat individuals with BPD. Many sources, including the DSM-V suggest that 1.6% of our population suffers from Borderline Personality Disorder, with percentages being much larger among impatient and outpatient populations (2013). Due to the debilitating nature of the disorder, many individuals seek help from a mental health professional. According to Tomko et. al, the average health care costs accrued per year for patients withShow MoreRelatedEssay on Dissociative Identity Disorder2044 Words   |  9 Pagesseparate personalities. Each personality has its own distinguishable traits and purpose within the host individual. In this essay, we will explore the symptoms of this unique disorder, as well as the potential causes and treatments utilized to benefit the patient. The fascinating disorder formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder is now called Dissociative Identity Disorder. It is indeed unusual and certainly the least diagnosed out of all of the dissociative disorders. This disorderRead MoreNerve Cells9382 Words   |  38 Pagesneuron. The mechanism of action and localization of neurotransmitters in the brain has provided valuable information concerning the cause of many mental disorders, including clinical depression and chemical dependency, and in researching medications that allow normal flow and movement of neurotransmitter molecules. Neurotransmitters, mental disorders, and medications Schizophrenia Impairment of dopamine-containing neurons in the brain is implicated in schizophrenia, a mental disease marked by disturbancesRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pagesimportant Ohio Wesleyan University Writing Center  © 2011 Page 1 and used the statement of purpose for borderline decisions. However, of liberal arts faculty who responded, approximately half valued the essays as much as other parts of the application package. ï‚ · Determine the importance of the mentor system. The importance of the statement of purpose increases, as Robert M. Brown notes, at institutions with strong mentoring programs ―because it is the only place where an applicant can elaborate

Cafe love Free Essays

†Amour, amour et seul’ I’m alone. Meaning, I have no one to love, no one to love me back and quite frankly at nearly forty years old I feel past the point of having the chance to make a change. The fact that I live in Paris; the romantic capital of the world, does little to help the situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Cafe love or any similar topic only for you Order Now I’ve lived here almost all my life; parents used to live in Wales, then England, then California for some time. Being young, I travelled with them, but now, here in Paris, I finally feel at home. I struggle to answer the question â€Å"why did I come to Paris, of all places†? I suppose it’s because here that I can at least dream of one day, maybe, possibly finding some way of not being alone anymore. Everywhere I look, seems to be another person’s life filled only with what I want. I’m not selfish and I’m sure that having someone else in my life would make me a happier person. This is why I have a strong resentment towards people who have a habit of betraying, lying or simply being unpleasant. Because they take life for granted, not experiencing, learning or challenging. That’s not to say that I am unhappy, I often sit with my steaming coffee at one of the many street cafes in town and spend time people watching, as I pass time and reflect on my achievements I wonder what all these souls have achieved, where have they been? Where are they going? Are they on their way home to a loved one? I just need someone to feel complete. â€Å"I, capitalized, full. I, looking like a snowfall as I come calling. I, waiting for a saviour in the gas-station at midnight. I, holding no neighbourhood, loving the air. I, silent beside a man holding a megaphone outside of planned parenthood I, fading.† It’s busy. Busier than its been in a while, packed with all different sorts of people. Young children, some in push chairs, some being held tightly in their mother’s arms. Teenagers are also present, not really enjoying the surroundings yet smiling when in the company of grandparents. Women chattering around small tables, women standing impatiently waiting to be served, wives and girlfriends being held close by their husbands and boyfriends. The only men seated are extremely old or waiting to meet their wives. One regular customer, wearing a neatly pressed pin-striped suit, is sitting alone at a small table by the roadside, distancing himself from others. He’s recognisable to me so my eyes are drawn to him. He glances over towards me and on seeing me staring back at him shifts in his chair uncomfortably. There are two glasses on the table, so I can only assume that he is waiting for company. He checks his watch several times and looks around; I look too although I don’t know what I expect to see. He’s an attractive man. Even though he’s seated he looks tall, six foot at least. Clean shaven, glossy hair with a small amount of gel and shiny shoes which is a clear sign that he takes care over his appearance. I can imagine that he’s not drinking coffee to avoid unpleasant smelling breath. So making the decision of ordering water was wise. I begin looking at him in more detail. I don’t worry that he may notice me staring. It’s now that he stands and strides towards the road. Definitely over six foot tall. He suddenly stops and looks back. A phone rings, as he reaches into his pocket I realise it’s his. He directs a smile at me and walks back towards the road all the while in conversation. Probably his wife. â€Å"I, alive before the fireworks with one eye on the storm, I, skating on the ice with one foot in the ocean, I, drunk beneath the shelter of a thousand poets There is no-one as blind as those who choose not to see I, me.† Late afternoon at the cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ is normally the busiest time. Which makes it my favourite time to sit and observe everyone. The clientele is always the same, with a few new comers each day, but only a few decide to stay. It looks especially pretty today, the tops of the tables and chairs where people have not yet sat are quilted and neatly decorated with snow, it also creates a pathway on the ground of delicate footsteps from the waitresses’ angelic feet. A coffee cup has been left at my table, it is beginning to freeze and what there was once coffee is a frosty covering, somewhat improving its appearance looking almost beautiful and glistening in the light. It’s sad I know, but somehow I become attached to this cup. It’s centre stage on the table, soaking in all my attention. As I look closer, a small crack becomes visible. I begin to imagine some wonderful life stories of the coffee cup, battles, fights and journeys. After pondering over the past of the cup, I conclude that it was just dropped in the kitchen. After all, it’s only a mug. I’m sitting alone, enjoying the company of strangers. A waitress comes over with my coffee, taking away the crystallized coffee mug. Now I am alone amongst strangers again. As I stay later the snow begins to melt and the nice Christmas feeling of the crisp coldness in the air also begins to fade. I take a lighter out of my coat pocket, and because the waitresses have seemed to disappear, I walk slowly around the cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ lighting the candles at the remaining empty tables. I take my time, I’m not worried about anyone seeing me. When I have finished I sit back at my table, and admiring the sparkling candles. The Christmas feeling is half restored by the warm comforting feeling of subtle lights. â€Å"I, wearing white and thinking black I, planning a journey that’s too far to walk, drive or sail I, the one who never planned but always expected I, lighting up a cigarette with the echoes of my mind I, breathing in the smoke that no-one else can find.† An old couple walk almost silently into the cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, they take no notice of me at all. They take a while getting comfy at the table behind mine before they begin talking. The woman looks to be in her late fifties, and is wearing a red poncho which drapes to the floor making her bottom half invisible. The man is the same age, also wearing red. I smile at the fact they look the same, very elegant. He must have been wearing a black hat but removed it when entering the Cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ because he’s now holding it in his right hand. They begin conversation, I listen in excitedly, ‘Did you want a drink my dear?’ He questioned the women whilst glancing around for a working waitress. †Erm, yes a hot chocolate please Eric† I stop listening for a second, and make a mental note of the man’s name. He politely ordered for himself and his wife whilst searching for his wallet. He looked inside and shuffled uncontrollably to the bottom. Finally, he held out only two euros. Looking over at his wife, he saw her becoming quite impatient. ‘I haven’t got all day!’ She shouted whilst quickly gesturing towards her watch. Eric cancelled his order and paid for hers, looking quite flustered. ‘Keep the change’, he murmured under his breath. His wife stood up and took her drink off him, ‘What took you so long buying one silly drink?’ Questioned his wife, again impatiently. Eric stared blankly back at her, ‘I†¦just, couldn’t remember what you wanted.’ The woman then began arguing about how he wastes so much time over everything and just does not listen. If only she saw what I just saw, she wouldn’t bother to question his actions. I stand up and move away from the couple, there is a knot forming in the back of my throat and my vision is becoming blurry. As I look down at the table, the snow has now completely melted, as one of my tears drop I can see it clearly on the glass table top. As I stare at the single tear, it seems to multiply like bacteria i n seconds as more and more appear, as if by magic. â€Å"I, the small tear that leads to tears, I, the one who is ambiguous, I, attempting to buy groceries with good looks and failing miserably. I, thanking Allen Ginsberg, I, reading like the poet and writing like the fool I, nothing, really.† I sit alone for a while. Wondering how such an old couple can have a such a new and romantic love. I turn to change my view of the cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, I’m about to turn to my left to admire the fine Christmas lights recently put on display but a small, dark haired little girl managed to catch my view. At first glance I thought she was sitting on her own because she was making such a mess of her table. But I saw a man to the left of her returning with napkins. He sat down next to her and began to mop up what looked like melted ice cream on the table. ‘Dad, I don’t want it,’ moaned the small girl. Immediately, I’m concentrated and fully focused on this little girl. Why was she moaning, why was she on her own? The man put a final napkin down and replied, ‘I know that’s not†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ The small girl stared violently, signally for him to stop talking – or else. I am even more involved now, it’s times like these where I just want to ask what’s going on. But I know I cant, that’s just bad etiquette. Often I jump to conclusions and think up reasons why people are having such conversations. In this case, the situation that came to my mind first was; a girl, no family, living alone on the streets of Paris having to steal food from this cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. My mind then began on a journey of other extremities such as that she is actually German pretending to be French..? It is when the man began speaking, and took the part of the father, that my mind stopped travelling such journeys . ‘Dad, just talk to Mummy. I don’t like being with you only at weekends. I miss Mum. Please.’ The small girl now speaking out of pure desperation. The father replied quickly with ‘Darling, it’s not that simple. Marriage, well, it’s not easy you know.’ He then took the girls hand for second before she pulled away almost automatically. The father reached for his grey coat which he had drooped over the back of the chair and began to put it on. The girl took this as a sign that it was the end of the conversation, obviously something she was use to hearing. They begin to walk my way so I turn quickly. Much too quickly, resulting in my coffee spilling half on the floor and half on me. I stand and look at the mess, for a few seconds I wonder if this would be a good excuse to ask the father for a napkin, in order to engross myself in conversation. I decide against it considering they have already left. On my way to the washroom I start to think about the marriage that the mother and father must have had. Because it must have affected the small girl a lot for her to mention and be so upset about it. Perhaps one of them met someone else, perhaps they simply went different ways. But whatever happened to that marriage, surely the love in the marriage must have died. I wish I didn’t wonder so much sometimes, it only leads me to imagine the worst of things. How can love not work out, if I found love I would hold onto it and never let it go. How can It go wrong? When you fall in love you want it to be forever and you love them for who they are. So any flaws can be worked out or you just love them in spite of that. The thought of suddenly not being loved must eat people up inside. Heartbreaking. Possibly my life is too good to risk being heartbroken. Because even if I am on my own, at least it’s only me that’s liable to hurt myself. No one else can hurt me, I’m in charge. Maybe it’s not as idealistic in reality. â€Å"I, immune to heartache I, the liar.† After drying my coffee stained skirt, I brush past the waitresses who seem to be re-appearing due to the increasing customers. I see one waitress finish cleaning my table. It’s getting dark, which means I really should be soon returning home. I usually hate this time because it means I have to walk lonely through the streets looking at the couples hand in hand or the mothers and daughters smiling. And because I’m such a paranoid person I automatically think they’re only smiling because I’m there and they want to make me jealous. But at this moment in time, I really don’t know how I feel. After witnessing that small girl’s unlawfully relationship with her father; wondering how things in a marriage can become that disastrous. When I think about that, I’m reluctant to feel jealous by those couples smiling back at me, because one day, they could be heartbroken and wonder themselves why they put them selves in such a vulnerable position. Suddenly, I’m startled. At first for no particular reason I feel as if I’m being watched. This feeling causes me to look wearily around, a tall man is admiring me. His eyes fixated on me. In response I smile, I feel as if I know him. He is still looking at me, so I begin to look at him in closer detail, he’s an attractive man with a well cared for appearance, his shiny shoes gave that away. I scare myself with shock when I realise who he is, the regular who comes here. The man who’s forever getting stood up by his wife. He stands and walks nervously towards where I’m standing, frozen. As he walks, I have the decision to walk away and pretend I have no idea that he’s walking to talk to me. Or I could stay and see what he wants; everything seems to be a little flirtatious even though he’s married. Maybe, I never really had hard evidence. I do have quite a writers’ imagination. He begins to speak, †Hello. I hope you don’t mind but I often sit here alone and see you here alone too.† I look straight into his blue exotic eyes, immediately I feel a connection. Just two strangers, just two alone strangers. I feel like I have been frozen in time as I begin to recite a monologue of thoughts to myself. ‘I was wondering if you would like to sit alone together some time?’ â€Å"I, giving up structure. I know that words once read will always be spoken And fabric once torn will always be scarred, And the night will always be broken by the Gentle murmur of cars†¦ But, what is costume without personality,, Or a poet without publication What is a man without attempt, Or a woman without patience. Here comes the thunderstorm. I, silent.† How to cite Cafe love, Papers

Cpaonalallala Essay Example For Students

Cpaonalallala Essay Many people look at Al Capone and bad thoughts come to mind. Yes, for the most part he was a bad influence on people, mostly children, but in some ways he was a leader both for the good and bad. In the ways of organized crime Al Capone was at the top of his game throughout his life he influenced many and has left a tremendous legacy behind him. The life of Capone could not have been lead by a cowardly man. He was a mean heavy set man. (Hornung, Rick) Being involved in gangs all his life, by age eleven he was a member of a gang, committing vandalism and getting into fights. (Stockdale, Tom) The life of a gang member or mob man, made life always on the run, and made things extremely risky most of the time. Capone had to make a lot of decisions, and use his bravery to his advantage. The man was not afraid to confront other men even if the enemies held some type of gun or weapon. He was never intimidated, and often left the confronted people dead or forced to run away. One incident resulted in him earning the nickname Scarface. He was sliced 3 times with a knife, one cut from his ear to his mouth, one on his jaw, and the other on his neck. The cuts resulted in 30 stitches. This fight was caused by Capone insulting a man named Frank Gallucio a small time criminal, Capone was talking to Franks sister and said something about the Frank. Capone had no idea that the two were brother and sister. (Stockdale, Tom)Capone was a very smart business man. As a liquor bootlegger and mob leader, Capone was always forced to make vital decisions. The decisions he did make left him to be an extremely wealthy man, and also left his family very well off for years to come. Not saying that he lead an honest lifestyle, but he definitely made most of the right choices for the life he was trying to live. A man of his intelligence could have easily become wealthy by other means, but he was a risk taker and decided to try to make a living by stealing. When he joined his first gang, his life totally changed for some reason he liked the risks of being in a gang. Starting off committing petty crimes, and gradually taking part in bigger things. Al Capone was a very convincing leader, and gained much respect from many people, and led many followers. He became a very effective mob leader. The summer of 1930 found Detroit the center of attention in gang warfare described as bloody July, mostly members involved were of liquor smugglers that were followers of Capone. (Mason, Philip) Not only was he a good leader, but he was also a leader to people in his hometown. He was often generous enough to pick up bar tabs for an entire bar, donate money to charities, and help out whenever he could. (Stockdale, Tom) all of his money was dirty money all gained by illegal activities, but his home town still looked up to him, when he helped out. Practically a king of Chicago, directing and controlling all of Chicagos illegal activities from 1925-1931. (Stockdale, Tom) Being the good leader that he was his profits stacked up to well over a million dollars every year. (Allsop, Kenneth) He was such an important person in the mob community, Capon e was escorted by body guards, and travels around in bullet proof cars. (Stockdale, Tom) Because of his leadership, the man caused many killing to take place for example, February 1929 a hijacking of a shipment of expensive Canadian whiskey smuggles across the Detroit river enroot to Al Capones criminal empire in Cook County, Illinois. Resulting in a massacre now known as St. Valentines Day Massacre. (Mason, Philip) Capone was the fourth born amongst his brothers and sisters; he was born January 17, 1899. (Stockdale, Tom) Even though he wasnt born a leader he died a leader on January25, 1948.

The Kit bag by Algernon Blackwood Essay Example

The Kit bag by Algernon Blackwood Paper We have examined how various methods of constructing tension are applied within each extract. Atmosphere and setting have the most effect on creating fear although the choice of storyteller and the holding back of information also subtly adds uneasiness in the reader. Another important factor is the description of characters and their actions. In each of these stories isolation and darkness are key factors. In Dracula Jonathan Harker is not only isolated from civilisation but also within the castle since there are so many doors but they are all locked and bolted. From the day Harker arrives in the gloom he begins to live a nocturnal life, he wakes late in the day and goes to bed as warm grey of quickening sky appears. The reader is made to visualise a dark force changing Harkers character and lifestyle without being given any specific detail. This leads to imagination and the reader bringing their own personal fears/interpretation into the novel. The castle itself, a major role in the story, is almost brought to life in an eerie malevolent way. The castle has a constant dim appearance, in the 1900s electricity had not been well known and light bulbs did not exist so there were many lamps in the castle. The lamps were very mysterious because the flame burned without oxygen; there wasnt a chimney or a globe. Flickering lamps cast shadows, which helps invent a spooky atmosphere. Harker begins to lose his mind as time goes on and he realises that he is a veritable prisoner and with no help as far as the eye can see. Set in London, The Kit bag has been written so well that even though Johnson is in the middle of London he seems completely isolated. We will write a custom essay sample on The Kit bag by Algernon Blackwood specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Kit bag by Algernon Blackwood specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Kit bag by Algernon Blackwood specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer His voice echoed down in to the dark vault, as his voice echoes we have an image of somewhere big, again darkness is emphasised. Vaults are for storing valuables in but here Johnson is inside the vault and is trapped, with no sign of life apart from the mysterious sounds of an unknown being. The Monkeys Paw, does not really create a typical gothic atmosphere because even thought they live far out there are three people and inside the house has a brightly burning fire. Setting is aided by the description of characters, we have a very detailed description of Dracula and of his behaviour. The Counts first appearance is an original gothic image, all clad in black from head to foot without a speck of colour. He had a natural pale face, which has a dead-like semblance. Harker picks up on Draculas abnormality but chooses to ignore many of the signs, as he is impressed with the kind hospitality offered by the Count. One of the most tense scenes between Dracula and Harker is when he recoils with horrible feeling of nausea as he smells blood on Draculas breath. Harker doubts and has fears of what Dracula really is but the strange things that he thinks, he dares not confess to himself. The Kit bag creates the best setting, as a trial for one of the most brutal and cold-blooded murders of recent years has just occurred. When Johnson returns home he imagines the face of John Turk, the murderer on his kit bag. We never actually see the person who owns the stealthy tread. The whole scenario could be in Johnsons mind as we see mostly his point of view. All three writers withhold vital information to create tension. In Dracula the tension is maintained throughout the whole extract, it does not use the anticlimax but only slightly mounts and drops the suspense. This is not always the case as shown in the Kit bag, we are lead to believe there is another being in Johnsons room, clear as life in the merciless glare of the electric light, stood the figure of John Turk. The merciless glare of the light completely contradicts the safety of the merciful darkness that Johnson was in before, here it shows that by revealing partial information; who was in the room, it created more tension. In conclusion I think that Dracula is best at creating tension due to its detailed descriptions, and because we only see one point of view so we never know what Dracula is thinking. This has an air of mystery as it leaves many questions unanswered until the very end. Then everything begins to unravel and we realise there are no servants, and the coach man was in fact Dracula himself. The Kit bag is very psychological and we never find out what made the bag move, whether it was all a dream or if it was real. There are many anticlimaxes during the piece of writing as well as having a lot of peak points of tension, this captures the readers attention throughout the writing. The Monkeys Paw is not very good at mounting tension because it lacked serious detail and we can relate the accidents as coincidences. With Dracula and the Kit bag there is some realism about the stories and what is unbelievable like the existence of ghosts or vampires is still unknown to us today. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Bram Stoker section.

Free Essays on Smoothslip Lubricants

Analyze the situation and identify the major problems and concerned with SMOOTHSLIP LUBRICANTS 1. Introduction The results of my research I found that, there are several issues that’s required to be restructured from a purchasing and supply view point. In addition to this we now also have to consider logistics issues in the overall supply chain. In the overall context of analyzing Smoothslip Ltd. supply an production challenges, we have identify the following issues that needs to be rectify to insure Smooth production and supply the market place in doing so we are going to analyze the difficulties the Smootslip Ltd. are facing; a. A Strategic Partnership, Right Lubricant and Quality to be pre-determined b. Price determination c. Material Production Planning MRP1 and MRP2 Given the following theories espoused we should ensure the Smootslip Ltd. is sustainable for long-term future and growth. 2. Analysis of Smoothlip Ltd. One of the major issue is pricing, if we compare other supplier’s price, there is a huge gap between Sinclair limited prices. The issue of Sinclair’s relationship with Smoothslà ½p changes due to the fire. Hence Sinclair is no longer a major customer and clear alternatives need to be looked at from continuous improvement’s viewpoint. However, this does not include severing the relationship with Sinclair all together. According to June Williams’s received quotations; Allied Additives Ltd. had been offered the lowest price 25 pounds per kg for 100 kg per month, first delivery 4 weeks, following by Moly Processors Ltd had been offered 27 pounds per kg, first delivery 6 weeks but the Smoothslip purchased 39 pound per kg from Sinclair Ltd. And all are based on six months contract. The reason for expensive purchasing from Sinclair; a strong relationship between two companies which come into being by time as for some four years, these two companies buying and selling from ... Free Essays on Smoothslip Lubricants Free Essays on Smoothslip Lubricants Analyze the situation and identify the major problems and concerned with SMOOTHSLIP LUBRICANTS 1. Introduction The results of my research I found that, there are several issues that’s required to be restructured from a purchasing and supply view point. In addition to this we now also have to consider logistics issues in the overall supply chain. In the overall context of analyzing Smoothslip Ltd. supply an production challenges, we have identify the following issues that needs to be rectify to insure Smooth production and supply the market place in doing so we are going to analyze the difficulties the Smootslip Ltd. are facing; a. A Strategic Partnership, Right Lubricant and Quality to be pre-determined b. Price determination c. Material Production Planning MRP1 and MRP2 Given the following theories espoused we should ensure the Smootslip Ltd. is sustainable for long-term future and growth. 2. Analysis of Smoothlip Ltd. One of the major issue is pricing, if we compare other supplier’s price, there is a huge gap between Sinclair limited prices. The issue of Sinclair’s relationship with Smoothslà ½p changes due to the fire. Hence Sinclair is no longer a major customer and clear alternatives need to be looked at from continuous improvement’s viewpoint. However, this does not include severing the relationship with Sinclair all together. According to June Williams’s received quotations; Allied Additives Ltd. had been offered the lowest price 25 pounds per kg for 100 kg per month, first delivery 4 weeks, following by Moly Processors Ltd had been offered 27 pounds per kg, first delivery 6 weeks but the Smoothslip purchased 39 pound per kg from Sinclair Ltd. And all are based on six months contract. The reason for expensive purchasing from Sinclair; a strong relationship between two companies which come into being by time as for some four years, these two companies buying and selling from ...

SLP for the Coca Cola Company Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SLP for the Coca Cola Company - Assignment Example In order to perform appropriate SLPs for a particular organization, these kinds of information are highly necessary. They include the rate and mode of pricing although very few of these companies will admit the kind of strategy that they use in their pricing. Because of this, it is vital to conduct necessary research to ensure that all the proper details are collected during SLP. From the information that is provided by the Coca cola Company, they believe that among all its competitors, they are the ones that provide the lowest prices to their customers. However, in real sense, the pricing strategy for this company is such that they depend on the cost of production and thus the overall quality of their products. This is mainly because, the major competitors of this company offer lower prices as their pricing.   This is in the effort to gain entry into a market that is already dominated by the company. In relation to the pricing of companies that offer similar products, which in thi s case are soft drinks and beverages, they all seem to set their prices depending on the quantity of the product. There appears to be no diversity in pricing when it comes to the flavor used for similar goods. This is opposed to other beverage companies that tend to set their prices depending on the type of flavoring that is used in the product. In this sense, the cost of an orange, passion, blackcurrant or cola drink is the same as long as they are all of the same quantity. There is an increase in process as the quantity of the beverage increases.

Compare two filmsIn the Family in comparison with Chutney Popcorn Essay

Compare two filmsIn the Family in comparison with Chutney Popcorn - Essay Example Taking different perspectives the two movies act together to enlighten the community about queer families, interracial interactions and adoption. The two movies encompass on the freedom of family members in decision making as the key to family union. While chutney displays a broken family due to rigidity in understanding one another that later unites through appreciation of each ones decision, Wang elaborates how a peaceful relationship can be destroyed by lack of freedom of choice. In Chutney Popcorn, Reena, the main character, chooses to become a lesbian and lives happily with Lisa. This decision is opposed by all family members, with Reena’s mother really upset. Essentially, although Reena’s sister does not essentially oppose it, the fact that Reena’s discovery that she can do something that her sister cannon do; get pregnant, signifies that the whole family had treated Reena as inferior. In efforts to reunite her family, Reena makes a contradicting verdict of getting pregnant, which turns to be the family’s turnaround. Similarly, lack of freedom to decision making turns the relationships of characters in ‘in the family’ vague. At the onset, Joey frees chip to make his own decisions as an adult despite his tender age. Note that this could be the reason why the two live happily, with chip referring to Joey as a father. After the death of Coddy, Chip takes some alcohol presence of his father, who doesn’t question his action. Things take a different direction, when Chip’s aunt changes the norms by ordering that Joey wasn’t fit to rear Chip. The whole relationship between Joey and Coddy’s family is messed up and Joey mysteriously hunts to get his son back. Remarkably, the mover does not show how chip copped up with the new family, but the fact that he was deprived a chance to meet a person he loved, since his tender

Biology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Biology - Essay Example The other is the â€Å"good cholesterol† which is contained within the high-density lipoprotein and is considered to have beneficial actions on the human beings. Cholesterol can have good effects on the human body and it is because of this that the researchers have termed it as being beneficial under some set conditions. What this means is that cholesterol has got a physiological role in the human body and thus anything in excess is pathogenic and could lead to the harmful effects that come part and parcel with cholesterol. As per the good aspects, we find out that the metabolism of cholesterol is regulated and controlled by enzymes that are different in nature and shape as well as the receptors present within the human body. Cholesterol makes for an effective transferring process of the proteins which are present within the liver, small intestine, peripheral cells and plasma. Cholesterol helps in digestion of dietary fats as well as the production of many different hormones. There is evidence that with the increase of high-density lipoprotein within the human body, longevity could be expected, which surely is a positive sign related with ch olesterol. Cholesterol always helps in building the cell walls and is thus a good agent within the human body from this perspective. For cholesterol to always remain as a beneficial entity there is a dire need to have its intake in a very conservative fashion so that the related excess does not create coronary heart disease and other risks which are closely associated. Cholesterol is an equally good building block as far as Vitamin D is concerned. It helps the sex hormones and different important chemicals are made up due to the presence of cholesterol. Also cholesterol helps at building the structure as well as the function of the invaginated caveole and the clathrin-coated pits. There is a serious role of cholesterol within the synthesis and intake regimes of a human diet and is synthesized

Narrative Conventions Of Formal Realism English Literature Essay

Narrative Conventions Of Formal Realism English Literature Essay So they forgot her like an unpleasant dream during a troubled sleep. Occasionally the rustle of a skirt hushes when they wake and the knuckles brushing a cheek in sleep seem to belong to the sleeper. Sometimes the photographs of a close friend or relative- looked at too long, shifts and sometimes more familiar than the dear face itself moves there. They can touch it if they like, but they dont, because they know things will never be the same if they do. He had a strange sense of being haunted, a feeling that the shades of his imagination were stepping out into the real world, that destiny was acquiring the slow, fatal logic of a dream. Now I know what a ghost is he thought, Unfinished business, thats what. Since the last decades of the Twentieth century many African American writers have set out to revise the slave narratives of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and to reaffirm both their historical and historiographical significance. For many writers, reclaiming an identity or narrative voice is vital and functions as a means of countering centuries of dispossession and misrepresentation. For Toni Morrison, interpretation represents an integral part of black cultural and social identity  [1]  and her novel Beloved, as Henry Louis Gates argues, invents and articulates a language that gives voice to the unspeakable horror and terror of the black past  [2]  . The novel is an allegorical representation of this unspeakability; Everybody knew what she was called but nobody knew her name. Disremembered and unaccounted for, she cannot be found because no one is looking for her  [3]  . Morrison in Beloved weaves her narrative around the complex history of slavery, its unrelenting brutality and the devastating cruelty it inflicted on African Americans. Critic Caroline Rudy suggests Beloved is a unique historical writing; historiographic intervention, a strategic re-centring of American history in the lives of the historically disposed  [4]  . Morrison sets out to re-write traditional historical narrative from the standpoint of those dispossessed and challenges the notion of what it is to be American. To reclaim a voice denied by imperialism and racism and to forge a literary discourse that transforms notions of blackness, Morrison rewrites and revises the conventions of genres. In Beloved Morrison revises three genres, those of the slave narrative, historical novel and the gothic novel. Critics such as Peter J Capuano in Truth and Timbre and Rafael Perez Torres in Knitting and Knotting the Narrative Thread have, as Heinert argues, the capacity to explain how Beloved responds to and rewrites the slave narrative tradition in American literature, for which Beloved is often categorized a neo slave narrative  [5]  . Ashraf Rushdy in Daughters Signifying History and Kathleen Brogan in Cultural Haunting, have argued effectively that Morrison by revising the case of Margret Garner or conducting, as Morrison herself suggests, literary archaeology  [6]  , creates a narrative for the real- life fugitive Seth. In doing so Morrison faces the challenge of transforming Seths Rememories of a brutal past into a discourse shaped by her own narrativity. Morrisons revivication of the dead and her summoning of Seths dead daughter are all, as Timothy Spaulding suggests in Reforming the Past, conventions of the Gothic novel  [7]  . Morrisons revisions of these genres are multifaceted and have a fundamental purpose: a rejection of conventional realism. Morrison shifts from one genre to another to account for the absences left by previous literary forms, or as Ritashona Simpson argues, to create a suitable receptacle of language which transforms and releases the slaves word  [8]  . Rewriting truth and narrating the gaps in history left by conventional realism is Morrisons way of narrating, Unspeakable things unspoken  [9]  . The crossing of genres, styles, and narrative perspectives within the text suggests it filters the absent or marginalised oral discourse of a, pre-capitalist black community through the self-conscious discourse of the contemporary novel  [10]  . In revising earlier literary traditions, dominated by the logic and values of the dominant culture, Morrison as Heinert argues, Disrupts formal realism  [11]  . Morrisons revisions of earlier slave narratives and history clearly expose the absence of the black voice within the context of formal realism. In Beloved, gothic elements reveal the collusion between a Western scientific world view and slavery; and according to Truffin, uncovers distortions in the lens through which the rational discourse views the world, indicating the features of life and the lives of others for which Western empiricism fails to account  [12]  . While earlier slave narratives sought to speak directly to a white readership and elucidate the brutality of slavery, Beloved, as Bloom has argued, exposes the unsaid, the psychic subtexts that lie both within and beneath the historical facts  [13]  . In interviews Morrison has remarked that, the documentary realism of the slave narratives imposed complete silence about those excessive proceedings of slavery too terrible to relate  [14]  . These silences are re-membered and rewritten by the main protagonists and the readers, like Ella, listened for the holes, things the fugitives did not say, the questions they did not ask  [15]  . To quote Carl Plasa, if Beloved is a story about a ghost it is a story which itself has a ghostly status or existence, hauntingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the gaps and silences of the tradition on which it draws, seeking release. To articulate black Identity and construct a literary discourse which lifts the veil of silence, writers such as Morrison imbue their texts with fantastic or non-mimetic ruses to create a contradictory narrative form. However, Morrison discredits the labels, fearing they suggest a breach with truth, and her single gravest responsibility (in spite of that magic) is not to lie  [16]  . However, in essence, postmodern slave narratives implement elements of the fantastic not as a way of undermining their narrative authority but as a means of establishing it. The text revises gothic elements into a device for exposing the junctures between slavery and science, and for delegitimizing western logic as it controls slavery. According to Goldner, As hauntings carry the perspectives and powers of slaves, gothic representations of slavery in the texts disrupt the Galilean project in the service of the enslaved. As hauntings position the dead amid the living and the past amid the present, they defy the concept of linear time, the bedrock of cause and effect that enables prediction. They thus defy the Western dream of control  [17]  . Gothic haunts elucidate what is invisible to the dominant culture and within the text haunts and gothic devices also confront the Euclidean conception  [18]  of the world as a uniform space, challenging western notions of linear time, juxtaposing past and present. Haunts and Gothic elements permeate the absences, central to history with the suffering of slaves, arraigning the atmosphere with emotive, ethical, and political forces which the endeavour of science claims to dis-credit, and the project of slavery seek to ignore. Harpham also argues; The haunts of Gothicism break through the boundaries of the dominant cultures paradigms and identities signalling potential political crisis  [19]  . Morrison, like Chestnutt in The Conjure Woman, subverts the claims of science, infusing them with gothic hauntings, whose vocal cadences carry African American oral culture and express the pain of slaves  [20]  . Gothic hauntings act as the vehicle through which the suppressed returns and Linda Krumholz in The Ghosts of Slavery shows how Morrison has integrated the conventions of the gothic novel by using African cosmology to manifest the dead child, Beloved. The haunts convey all that a scientific and imperialist discourse seeks to dominate, including feelings, and more specifically, the feelings of the oppressed. While the gothic signifies a disruption not to conventional realism Morrison extends this disruption to the cultural logic and ideology of the dominant culture. Whereas a scientific discourse would consider the haunting of Seths house as illogical, Beloved categorizes the gothic as reality. The ghost seems logical to Seth and the other characters that understood the source of the outrage as well as knew the source of light  [21]  . When Paul D is confronted by the poltergeist, Seth simply explains that the spirit haunting the house is, her daughter  [22]  . The ghost is als o visible to Denver who, kneels in a white dress beside her mother  [23]  . The heartrenching tale of Baby Suggs lost children explains why haunting seemed normal. Four taken, four chased, and all, I expect, worrying somebodys house into evil  [24]  . Such is the acceptance of the supernatural as reality that Baby Suggs believes there is not a house in the country aint packed to its rafters with some dead Negroes grief  [25]  . Goldner argues that, until its final pages, every African American character accepts the haunt as true.  [26]  Rather than seeing Beloved as any kind of ghostly contrivance, the novel also delineates the gothic as a reality when it gives its ghost a body with inimitable physical powers: Beloved simultaneously embraces and chokes Seth; she seduces and manipulates Paul D, and in the end takes the shape of, a pregnant women naked and smiling in the heat of the afternoon sun  [27]  . Once Beloved appears on Seths doorstep, the gothic becomes a n embodied reality, and also grows in scope, invading the confines of 124 Bluestone Rd and the narrative itself. As Morrison revives the gothic conventions of ghosts she stretches the convention of the gothic novel to breaking point. No longer ethereal, Beloved is made real, as real as the existence of slavery and its experiences once were  [28]  . Some critics have maintained that the novel merges white and black literary ethnicities, including components of European American female Gothic tradition in its reading of the slave narratives. In one sense, it is possible to make a connection. Kate Ferguson Ellis account of the characteristic Gothic novel with houses in which people are locked in and locked out,  [29]  and preoccupation with violence done to familial bonds that is frequently directed against women  [30]  , does seem applicable to Beloved. Pamela Barnett in Figurations of Rape and the Supernatural in Beloved takes an opposing view, arguing that Beloved is more than a supernatural embodiment, she is a menacing hybrid of European American and African American cultural traditions  [31]  , a succubus, a vampire, and a female demon, nourishing itself through (literally and metaphorically) draining Seths strength. The spectre, or the ghost, represents this American Jeremiad of the minority. Spectre, as Derrida defines it in Spectres of Marx, is something that remains difficult to name  [32]  . Toni Morrison in her novel, Beloved, attempts to name the unnameable by confronting a brutal past. This space can be valuable, a means by which to re-inscribe spaces of oppression as sites of subversion and resistance. Beloved is finally set apart from the distinctive form of a ghost story in that Morrison, as Edwardss points out, provides no corner from which to smile skeptically at the thrills were enjoying  [33]  . The thrills of myth and magic are embedded in real horror and terror. The illusory elements cannot, in the end, be said to be merely narrative ploys, creating tension or suspense or guiding the reader further into a magical, mythical world. Rather than merely pervading a world of fantasy and myth, the reader is forced to confront the horrifically real, the unspeakable reality of sla very. Morrison, in her own words, blends the acceptance of the supernatural and a profound rootedness in the real world at the same time  [34]  . This configuration of the supernatural can be demonstrated by Barbara Christians argument that Morrison, in configuring Beloved as an embodied spirit, a spirit that presents itself as a body  [35]  , purposely distances her novel from the perspective of Gothic tradition, and instead places it in relation to, the African traditional religious belief that Westerners call ancestor worship  [36]  . Barbara Christians argument underlines the cynicism of the very idea of something called supernaturalism. Magic can be supernatural and natural and the supernatural can extend beyond notions of magic. This concept of superstition and magic is for Morrison, just another way of knowing things, an alternate epistemology discredited only because those who contribute have themselves been similarly disavowed historically. As Toni Morrison argues the discredited knowledge that Black people had was discredited only because Black people were discredited  [37]   Considering the dichotomy between fact and fiction Morrisons work might, she admits, fall into, the realm of fiction called fantastic or mythic or magical or unbelievable  [38]  in the minds of some. Her use of the supernatural or gothic origins can also be seen as emphasising the reality of her subject. The boundary between what is true and what is not is decisively distorted as Morrison says, the crucial distinction  [39]  for her is not that between fact and fiction, but between fact and truth because, facts can exist without human intelligence, but truth cannot  [40]  . While narrative truth is a construct, and, the burden of constructing it belongs to its readers  [41]  , Beloved constructs a literary discourse that alters as Perez Torres states, Western notions of blackness  [42]  . Morrison transforms absence into a powerful presence and in doing so helps readers reconsider the past as a way of re-evaluating its history, class and conventions whilst seeking the truth. While the formality of conventional realism alters the way in which slavery and its facets are (dis)remembered in the canon of American Literary discourse, Beloved emerges as an alternative, a counter-narrative to the racist representation of slavery. Beloved disrupts generic conventions to expose how conventional realism cannot account for race, and calls for readers to respond  [43]  . Without special privilege going to any single form of storytelling, and through an authenticity based on inclusiveness, the many voices within the text contribute to, and give voice to, those formerly excluded from history. C:Documents and SettingsJoannaMy Documentsfirst chapter for beloved_filesspacer.gif

Effects of Classroom Structure on Student Learning Essay examples -- A

Since the early 1200’s when the first university opened its doors in Italy, the trend manifested its way towards the United States with Harvard University in the 1600’s. Even though the basic classroom consisted of some desks, a teacher front and center, and little ones eager for recess and masters of eye avoiding, it has evolved heavily with great detail. â€Å"Changing the physical structure of a classroom is one way to alter the environment of a classroom†¦support the interactive environment of group work, which allows students to control their own learning and presents them with direct feedback in the learning process.† ( Mary Ann Polityka.) Classrooms of higher education serve now as room of learning and focus. It may not seem like the basic settings of education and the individuals within effect how students learn, but it greatly impacts each and every one of them. Whether it’s an all-male, female, or both sex universities, all schools make it as comfortable as possible for both the classmates and teachers. Every school of higher education includes both female and male professors, young and old. From a cover story over female and male university professors, â€Å"†¦female professors would have to adopt masculine sex-typed styles of interaction in order to be viewed as legitimate holders of authority in spite of their lesser female status.† (Laurel Richardson.) During the civil rights movement, all women were fighting for their rights, to be equal in the eyes of their father, husband, brother. Even if all men are equal, women still have to show that they have the capacity of their fellow male professors. Also, concluding that â€Å"†¦male professors, although they hold a position which is consistent with their status as males, ... ...rs And. "Classroom Structures And Student Motivation: A Study Of The Delta Project." (1993): ERIC. Web. 11 Apr. 2014. 4. Segal, Carmit. "Classroom Behavior." Journal Of Human Resources 43.4 (2008): 783-814. ERIC. Web. 11 Apr. 2014. 5. Villar Angulo, Luis Miguel. "Evaluating Psychosocial Classroom Environments." (1987): ERIC. Web. 11 Apr. 2014. 6. Bembenutty, Hefer. "A Latent Class Analysis Of Teacher Candidates' Goal Orientation, Perception Of Classroom Structure, Motivation, And Self-Regulation." Online Submission (2010): ERIC. Web. 11 Apr. 2014. 7. Polityka, Mary A. "The Effects of Classroom Structure on Student Learning in Introductory Physics." PDF. Department of Physics University of California, San Diego, 15 June 2001. Web. 7 Apr. 2014. 8. Nathan, Rebekah. My Freshman Year: What a Professor Learned by Becoming a Student. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2005. Print.

Millennium Development Goals

In this twenty first century, one of the most widely discussed topics throughout the world is Millennium Development Goals (MDG). In September 2000, meeting at the United Nations Millennium Summit, the world leaders agreed to a remarkable document, the Millennium Declaration. The Declaration demanded that the world set its sights higher and aim for eight specific goals, most of which were to be achieved by 2015. What subsequently came to be known as the MDGs are – 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. 2. Achieve universal primary education. 3. Promote gender equality and empower woman. 4.Reduce child mortality. 5. Improve maternal health. 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases. 7. Ensure environmental sustainability. 8. Develop a global partnership for development. MDG and Bangladesh: Bangladesh is signatory of the MDGs and it has made noteworthy progress in the attainment of MDGs. Notwithstanding the relatively slow income growth and modest pace of income poverty r eduction, Bangladesh’s achievements in the broad area of human development were faster and in some respects remarkable. Although the level of social deprivations is still high, the pace of improvements has been encouraging.We are happy that our efforts in reducing child mortality in Bangladesh have been duly acknowledged by the United Nations at 65th General Assembly session 20-22 September 2010. The world body has presented Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and through her the people of Bangladesh This recognition of Bangladesh’s sincere efforts in trying to reach the MDGs set for 2015, while clearly encouraging for us, is also a reminder for us of what we must yet to do in order to tackle the remaining sense of the eight MDGs. Our success in reducing child mortality must now be followed by proactive efforts towards achieving the seven other MDG targets. As thePrime Minister pointed out in New York, Bangladesh will need $ 22. 1 billion if it has to attain all the MDGs. Sta tus of MDGs in Bangladesh: Goal-1: Bangladesh is well on track to achieving goal-1 with poverty coming down to 40% in 2005. The poverty gap ratio has also decreased dramatically to 9. 0. Goal-2: While a significant 87% has been achieved in terms of primary school enrollment,dropout rates remain high & therefore primary school completion rate low. Goal-3: Bangladesh has achieved gender parity in primary and secondary education together with being on track with respect to percentage of women employed in agriculture sector.Goal-4: The country is on track with regard to achieving this goal. Significant strides have been made and if the trend sustains, the country will meet the 2015 target well ahead of schedule. Goal-5: The maternal mortality ratio is on track but the percentage of skilled birth attendants is low. Goal-6:Bangladesh has made some progress in the spread of malaria and other diseases. Goal-7: While significant progress has been made in terms of access to safe drinking wate r and sanitary latrines in urban areas, the same remains a challenge in rural areas.Also maintaining wet-lands and bio-diversity is still a challenge. Goal-8: Penetration of telephone lines and internet, particularly cell-phone usage, has increased to a great extent but youth employment rate is still low. Overall, goal-3 has been already achieved. There is more than 50% progress in attaining goal-2. In case of other goals, attainment is possible if necessary changes are made in policy and strategies. Conclusion: Bangladesh had adverse initial conditions at the start of its journey three decades ago.With one of the most vulnerable economies of the world characterized by extremely high population density, low resource base, high incidence of natural disasters and extremely adverse initial circumstances associated with the inheritance of a war-ravaged economy, the implications for long-term savings, investments and growth were deemed extremely bleak. Bangladesh which was once termed th e test case of development may indeed represent a learning site for keeping the hopes alive for other equally less fortunate post-colonial societies with adverse initial conditions.

Tres Zapotes (Mexico) - Olmec Capital City in Veracruz

Tres Zapotes (Mexico) - Olmec Capital City in Veracruz Tres Zapotes (Tres sah-po-tes, or three sapodillas) is an important Olmec archaeological site located in the state of Veracruz, in the south-central lowlands of the Gulf coast of Mexico. It is considered the third most important Olmec site, after San Lorenzo and La Venta. Named by archaeologists after the evergreen tree native to southern Mexico, Tres Zapotes flourished during the Late Formative/Late Preclassic period (after 400 BC) and was occupied for almost 2,000 years, until the end of the Classic period and into the Early Postclassic. The most important findings at this site include two colossal heads and the famous stela C. Tres Zapotes Cultural Development The site of Tres Zapotes lies on the hillside of a swampy area, near the Papaloapan and San Juan rivers of southern Veracruz, Mexico. The site contains more than 150 structures and about forty stone sculptures. Tres Zapotes became a main Olmec center only after the decline of San Lorenzo and La Venta. When the rest of the Olmec culture sites started to wane at around 400 BC, Tres Zapotes continued to survive, and it was occupied until the Early Postclassic about AD 1200. Most of the stone monuments at Tres Zapotes date to the Epi-Olmec period (which means post-Olmec), a period that began around 400 BC and signaled the decline of the Olmec world. The artistic style of these monuments shows a gradual decline of Olmec motifs and increasing stylistic connections with the Isthmus region of Mexico and the highlands of Guatemala. Stela C also belongs to the Epi-Olmec period. This monument features the second oldest Mesoamerican Long Count calendar date: 31 BC. Half of Stela C is on display in the local museum at Tres Zapotes; the other half is at the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City. Archeologists believe that during the Late Formative/Epi-Olmec period (400 BC-AD 250/300) Tres Zapotes was occupied by people with stronger connections with the Isthmus region of Mexico, probably Mixe, a group from the same linguistic family of the Olmec. After the decline of the Olmec culture, Tres Zapotes continued to be an important regional center, but by the end of the Classic period the site was in decline and was abandoned during the Early Postclassic. Site Layout More than 150 structures have been mapped at Tres Zapotes. These mounds, only a handful of which have been excavated, consist mainly of residential platforms clustered in different groups. The residential core of the site is occupied by Group 2, a set of structures organized around a central plaza and standing almost 12 meters (40 feet) tall. Group 1 and the Nestepe Group are other important residential groups located in the immediate periphery of the site. Most Olmec sites have a central core, a downtown where all the important buildings are located: Tres Zapotes, in contrast, features a dispersed settlement model, with several of its most important structures located on the periphery. This may have been because most of those were constructed after the decline of Olmec society. The two colossal heads found at Tres Zapotes, Monuments A and Q, were not found in the core zone of the site, but rather in the residential periphery, in Group 1 and Nestepe Group. Because of its long occupation sequence, Tres Zapotes is a key site not only for understanding the development of the Olmec culture  but, more generally for the transition from Preclassic to Classic period in the Gulf Coast and in Mesoamerica. Archaeological Investigations at Tres Zapotes Archaeological interest at Tres Zapotes begun at the end of the 19th century, when in 1867 the Mexican explorer Josà © Melgar y Serrano reported seeing an Olmec colossal head in the village of Tres Zapotes. Later on, in the 20th century, other explorers and local planters recorded and described the colossal head. In the 1930s, archaeologist Matthew Stirling undertook the first excavation at the site. After that, several projects, by Mexican and United States institutions, have been carried out at Tres Zapotes. Among the archaeologists who worked at Tres Zapotes include Philip Drucker and Ponciano Ortiz Ceballos. However, compared to other Olmec sites, Tres Zapotes is still poorly known. Sources This article has been edited by K. Kris Hirst Casellas Caà ±ellas E. 2005. El Contexto arqueolà ³gico de la cabeza colosal Olmeca Nà ºmero 7 de San Lorenzo, Veracruz, Mà ©xico. Bellaterra: Universitat Autà ²noma de Barcelona.Loughlin ML, Pool CA, Fernandez-Diaz JC, and Shrestha RL. 2016. Mapping the Tres Zapotes Polity: The Effectiveness of Lidar in Tropical Alluvial Settings. Advances in Archaeological Practice 4(3):301-313.Killion TW and Urcid J. 2001. The Olmec Legacy: Cultural Continuity and Change in Mexicos Southern Gulf Coast Lowlands Journal of Field Archaeology 28(1/2):3-25.Manzanilla L and Lopez Lujan L (eds.). 2001 [1995]. Historia Antigua de Mexico. Mexico City: Miguel Angel Porrà ºa.Pool CA, Ceballos PO, del Carmen Rodrà ­guez Martà ­nez M, and Loughlin ML. 2010. The early horizon at Tres Zapotes: implications for Olmec interaction. Ancient Mesoamerica 21(01):95-105.Pool CA, Knight CLF, and Glascock MD. 2014. Formative obsidian procurement at Tres Zapotes, Veracruz, Mexico: implications for Olmec and Epi-Olm ec political economy. Ancient Mesoamerica 25(1):271-293. Pool CA (ed.). 2003. Settlement Archaeology and Political Economy at Tres Zapotes, Veracruz, Mexico. Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology.Pool CA. 2007. Olmec Archaeology and Early Mesoamerica. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.VanDerwarker A, and Kruger R. 2012. Regional variation in the importance and uses of maize in the Early and Middle Formative Olmec Heartland: New archaeobotanical data from the San Carlos homestead, southern Veracruz. Latin American Antiquity 23(4):509-532.

Siege of Fort Stanwix in the American Revolution

Siege of Fort Stanwix in the American Revolution Siege of Fort Stanwix - Conflict Dates: The Siege of Fort Stanwix was conducted from August 2 to 22, 1777, during the American Revolution (1775-1783). Armies Commanders Americans Colonel Peter Gansevoort750 men at Fort StanwixMajor General Benedict Arnold700-1,000 men in relief force British Brigadier General Barry St. Leger1,550 men Siege of Fort Stanwix - Background: In early 1777, Major General John Burgoyne proposed a plan for defeating the American rebellion. Convinced that New England was the seat of the revolt, he proposed severing the region from the other colonies by advancing down the Lake Champlain-Hudson River corridor while a second force, led by Lieutenant Colonel Barry St. Leger, moved east from Lake Ontario and through the Mohawk Valley. Meeting at Albany, Burgoyne and St. Leger would advance down the Hudson, while General Sir William Howes army advanced north from New York City. Though approved by Colonial Secretary Lord George Germain, Howes role in the plan was never clearly defined and issues of his seniority precluded Burgoyne from issuing him orders. Siege of Fort Stanwix - St. Leger Prepares: Gathering near Montreal, St. Legers command was centered on the 8th and 34th Regiments of Foot, but also included forces of Loyalists and Hessians. To aid St. Leger in dealing with militia officers and the Native Americans, Burgoyne gave him a brevet promotion to brigadier general prior to embarking. Assessing his line of advance, St. Legers largest obstacle was Fort Stanwix located at the Oneida Carrying Place between Lake Oneida and the Mohawk River. Built during the French Indian War, it had fallen into disrepair and was believed to have a garrison of around sixty men. To deal with the fort, St. Leger brought along four light guns and four small mortars (Map). Siege of Fort Stanwix - Strengthening the Fort: In April 1777, General Philip Schuyler, commanding American forces on the northern frontier, became increasingly concerned about the threat of British and Native American attacks via the Mohawk River corridor. As a deterrent, he dispatched Colonel Peter Gansevoorts 3rd New York Regiment to Fort Stanwix. Arriving in May, Gansevoorts men began working to repair and enhance the forts defenses. Though they officially renamed the installation Fort Schuyler, its original name continued to be widely used. In early July, Gansevoort received word from friendly Oneidas that St. Leger was on the move. Concerned about his supply situation, he contacted Schuyler and requested additional ammunition and provisions. Siege of Fort Stanwix - The British Arrive: Advancing up the St. Lawrence River and onto Lake Ontario, St. Leger received word that Fort Stanwix had been reinforced and was garrisoned by around 600 men. Reaching Oswego on July 14, he worked with Indian Agent Daniel Claus and recruited around 800 Native American warriors led by Joseph Brant. These additions swelled his command to around 1,550 men. Moving west, St. Leger soon learned that the supplies Gansevoort had requested were nearing the fort. In an effort to intercept this convoy, he sent Brant ahead with around 230 men. Reaching Fort Stanwix on August 2, Brants men appeared just after elements of the 9th Massachusetts had arrived with the supplies. Remaining at Fort Stanwix, the Massachusetts troops swelled the garrison to around 750-800 men. Siege of Fort Stanwix - The Siege Begins: Assuming a position outside the fort, Brant was joined by St. Leger and the main body the next day. Though his artillery was still en route, the British commander demanded Fort Stanwixs surrender that afternoon. After this was refused by Gansevoort, St. Leger began siege operations with his regulars making camp to the north and the Native Americans and Loyalists to the south. During the first few days of the siege, the British struggled to bring their artillery up nearby Wood Creek which was blocked by trees felled by the Tryon County militia. On August 5, St. Leger was informed that an American relief column was moving towards the fort. This was largely composed of the Tryon County militia led by Brigadier General Nicholas Herkimer. Siege of Fort Stanwix - Battle of Oriskany: Responding to this new threat, St. Leger dispatched around 800 men, led by Sir John Johnson, to intercept Herkimer. This included the bulk of his European troops as well as some Native Americans. Setting an ambush near Oriskany Creek, he attacked the approaching Americans the next day. In the resulting Battle of Oriskany, both sides inflicted substantial losses on the other. Though the Americans were left holding the battlefield, they were unable to push on to Fort Stanwix. Though a British victory, it was tempered by the fact that Gansevoorts executive officer, Lieutenant Colonel Marinus Willett, led a sortie from the fort which attacked the British and Native American camps. In the course of the raid, Willetts men carried off many of the Native Americans possessions as well as captured many British documents including St. Legers plans for the campaign. Returning from Oriskany, many of the Native Americans were irate over the loss of their belongings and the casualties sustained in the fighting. Learning of Johnsons triumph, St. Leger again demanded the forts surrender but to no avail. On August 8, the British artillery finally deployed and began firing on Fort Stanwixs northern wall and northeastern bastion. Though this fire had little effect, St. Leger again requested that Gansevoort capitulate, this time threatening to turn loose the Native Americans to attack settlements in the Mohawk Valley. Responding, Willett stated, By your uniform you are British officers. Therefore let me tell you that the message you have brought is a degrading one for a British officer to send and by no means reputable for a British officer to carry. Siege of Fort Stanwix - Relief at Last: That evening, Gansevoort ordered Willett take a small party through the enemy lines to seek help. Moving through the marshes, Willett was able to escape east. Learning of the defeat at Oriskany, Schuyler resolved to send a new relief force from his army. Led by Major General Benedict Arnold, this column was composed of 700 regulars from the Continental Army. Moving west, Arnold encountered Willett before pressing on to Fort Dayton near German Flatts. Arriving on August 20, he wished to wait for additional reinforcements before proceeding. This plan was dashed when Arnold learned that St. Leger had begun entrenching in an effort to move his guns closer to Fort Stanwixs powder magazine. Unsure about proceeding without additional manpower, Arnold elected to use deception in an effort to disrupt the siege. Turning to Han Yost Schuyler, a captured Loyalist spy, Arnold offered the man his life in exchange for returning to St. Legers camp and spreading rumors about an impending attack by a large American force. To ensure Schuylers compliance, his brother was held as a hostage. Traveling to the siege lines at Fort Stanwix, Schuyler spread this tale among the already unhappy Native Americans. Word of Arnolds assault soon reached St. Leger who came to believe the American commander was advancing with 3,000 men. Holding a council of war on August 21, St. Leger found that part of his Native American contingent had already departed and that remainder was preparing to leave if he did not end the siege. Seeing little choice, the British leader broke off the siege the next day and began withdrawing back towards Lake Oneida. Siege of Fort Stanwix - Aftermath: Pressing forward, Arnolds column reached Fort Stanwix late on August 23. The next day, he ordered 500 men to pursue the retreating enemy. These reached the lake just as the last of St. Legers boats were departing. After securing the area, Arnold withdrew to rejoin Schuylers main army. Retreating back to Lake Ontario, St. Leger and his men were taunted by their erstwhile Native American allies. Seeking to rejoin Burgoyne, St. Leger and his men traveled back up the St. Lawrence and down Lake Champlain before arriving at Fort Ticonderoga in late September. While the casualties during the actual Siege of Fort Stanwix were light, the strategic consequences proved substantial. The defeat of St. Leger prevented his force from uniting with Burgoyne and disrupted the larger British plan. Continuing to push down the Hudson Valley, Burgoyne was halted and decisively defeated by American troops at the Battle of Saratoga. The turning point of the war, the triumph led to the critical Treaty of Alliance with France. Selected Sources National Park Service: Fort Stanwix National MonumentNew York State Military Museum: Fort Stanwix Revolutionary War: Siege of Fort Stanwix

Needs Assessment of Go Live Systems Inc Assignment

Needs Assessment of Go Live Systems Inc - Assignment Example This gap can be identified as the training needs of the employees. This needs assessment is to be followed by development, delivery and evaluation of training. The Company has plans for a large growth in the next six months period. With the business acumen and expertise in the field the company has developed a software application and has patented it. This application is expected to improve upon the usability and compatibility of the two large Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. With this background Go Live Systems Inc is forming a partnership with two other large companies for making sales and license renewal calls together. The company is looking for at least 10 consultant/programmers who will work hand in hand with the ERP vendors and clients for the assessment and determination of clients' needs suitably modify the application and also provide on site training to the clients as to the usage of the application and the enhancements if any to the application. The expected requirements of skills and knowledge of the consultants/programmers need both technical and interpersonal skills. Since it is observed that it will be difficult to hire people with both excellent technical skills and interpersonal skills it becomes necessary to identify the gap in the skills and knowledge to provide the necessary training. "Individual assessment determines which employees should be trained and... Skills and Knowledge Area Level Required University Degree Bachelor Level + Preferably in Computer Science Database Design Expert PL/SQL Scripting Expert Coding/Debugging/Testing/Release Management Expert Knowledge of ETL Tools Working Knowledge Data Mapping Working Knowledge Supply Chain Basic Knowledge Sourcing/Purchasing/Distribution Basic Knowledge Manufacturing Basic Knowledge Financials Basic Knowledge CRM Basic Knowledge Communication Skills Expert Working in a Team Environment Must Working Experience + 2 years preferred 2.3 Individual Assessment: "Individual assessment determines which employees should be trained and their current levels of skill and knowledge. This may include use of assessment methods and should pay attention to the workers' basic skills as well as the job-specific tasks." Since it is decided by the company to hire an external recruiter it is advisable the recruiting agency is provided with the above basic requirements of skills and knowledge required for the positions of the consultants/programmers. The recruiting agency should select candidates and present lists of candidates who meet the above basic criteria for consideration. Since it is found that it will be difficult to get candidates who possess the required level of technical and interpersonal skill sets instantly, the agency may be asked to present another list of candidates who do not meet the basic criteria in respect of the technical skills but are otherwise found to be of good material offering scope for getting trained. In those cases, in respect of each candidate a chart may be prepared indicating the level of skill and technical knowledge required and possessed by the prospective candidates, to assess the training needs. Wherever it is found that there is

Police Racial Profiling Has Become a Growing Problem in the Fairfield Essay

Police Racial Profiling Has Become a Growing Problem in the Fairfield County of Connecticut - Essay Example Connecticut is a state in the US in which police racial profiling has drastically increased. In towns like Milford, Stratford, Fairfield, Westport and Greenwich racial profiling has increased to a dangerous extent. Despite the increasing issue of racial profiling, the nation is showing little concern over this issue. According to latest researches, it was found out that blacks and Latinos are 30 times more likely to be stopped and searched by the police without any serious reason and suspicion than the whites. And this figure has increased within the past year. The minorities in any area are usually the ones who suffer from racial profiling. It is generally believed that the minorities of a nation are the ones who are involved in causing riots, thefts, robbery and car snatching. In Fairfield county racial discrimination is extremely alarming. Most of the towns in Connecticut have a population consisting mostly of blacks and Latinos and, therefore, police racial profiling is very comm on in these areas. The whites and blacks still live apart from each other in these areas and do not prefer to make friends with each other (Holbert 2004). The government has made promises that they will eliminate police racial profiling in the US and make sure that all citizens of the country are secure and safe. But the government has failed to do so. Not white people are still now and then stopped and inquired without any reason. This has increased the feeling of hostility among the blacks and Latinos for the white people and, as a result, they try to make troubles for the white people in order to take revenge. Many riots that have occurred in the previous years were mostly because of racial profiling. The black people demand to have some self-respect and when the police stop and search them without a search warrant and any solid reason just because they are black, they feel exceedingly insulted and this increases the feeling of hatred for the white (Holbert 2004). As a safety pre caution, the black people teach their children that they must take extra care while stopped by a police because if a black misbehaves with the latter, they can easily make it a serious issue and can even get you jailed on this petty offense. It is found that for the same offense a white will be exempted whereas a black can be severely punished for the same issue. So a black must be extra careful while confronting the police. Although statistics clearly show that these are not the blacks who are majorly involved in keeping illegal weapons and having drugs, but about 70% of drug users were found to be white as compared to only 15% black and 8% Latino. It is the duty of law enforcement agencies to protect people without any discrimination, but when the former practise racial profiling, people will not feel secure and safe. Following such practice, it is assumed that the whites are the people who abide by the law whereas blacks and Latinos are criminals, although this is not true. The w hite people know that they are free to do whatever they like because the police will never catch them for little issues. So it is now observed that the white people are greatly getting involved in street crimes day by day and carrying drugs and illegal weapons with them. To improve the relationships among people, the police and law enforcement agencies it is necessary for people to be satisfied with the performance of the police and only then people

Equal Liberty and the Establishment clause, then and now Research Paper

Equal Liberty and the Establishment clause, then and now - Research Paper Example The establishment clause has generally been interpreted through judicial ruling to do two primary things. First, to prevent the establishment of a national religion by Congress. Secondly, to prohibit the preference by the U.S. government of one religion over another. As a principle, the establishment clause came to be during James Madison's efforts to have the constitution ratified. Madison garnered support among the local Baptists by warning them that the constitution had no safeguard against creating a new national church. This was important because their free exercise of religion. Initiating the establishment clause occurred in a two step process. The initial step was the Supreme Court’s conclusion in 1940 that the Free Exercise Clause was made applicable to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment. The conceptual implications were the raising of few difficulties. The application of the federal governments jurisdiction over the states created the federalism framework tha t ensures each states actions are constitutional. Additionally, the Due Process Clause protects those rights in the Bill of Rights â€Å"implicit in the concept of ordered liberty,† which made the protection of the establishment clause necessary. Moreover, free exercise of religion is an extremely important individual right. The establishment clause has been used in many cases to draw the boundaries of state activities. Specifically, in terms of financial aid for religious purposes or to religious institutions. One key example of this is the 1899 Bradfield v. Roberts supreme court case. 4 The issue here was that the federal government provided funds to a hospital operated by a Roman Catholic institution. In that case, the Supreme Court ruled that the funding was specifically given to a secular organization i.e. the hospital and was therefore permissible. This is important because it established the precedent that the state could not fund a religious institution. Another critical case in this matter was the 1947 case of Everson v. Board of Education, in which the Supreme Court upheld a New Jersey statute that was funding student transportation to schools, whether parochial or private. Justice Hugo Black explained that the establishment of religion" clause of the First Amendment means at least that  "neither a state nor the federal government can set up a church.5 Neither can pass laws which aid one religion, aid all religions, or prefer one religion over another. Neither can force nor coerce an individual to attend or to remain away from church against his/her freewill or force him/her to profess a belief or disbelief in any religion. Moreover, the ruling held that no person can be punished for entertaining or professing religious beliefs and ideologies or disbelief's, for church attendance or non-attendance. Another important precedent founded here is that fact that no tax in any amount, large or small, can be levied to support any religious activities or institutions, whatever they may be called, or whatever form they may adopt to teach or practice religion. Additionally, it is impermissible for either a state or the Federal Government to, openly or secretly, participate in the affairs of any religious organizations or groups and vice versa. As stated by Thomas Jefferson, th e clause against establishment of religion by law was intended to erect "a wall of separation between church and State."6 The infamous lemon test was developed in the 1971 ruling of Lemon v.

Case Studies in Finance Company G & H Essay Example for Free

Case Studies in Finance Company G H Essay Company G deals mostly in selling books in a large retail setting, however they implement a concept that is more community-based. Company H deals in a variety of media, including books, music, and video along with electronics and other varieties of merchandise. Not only does Company H differ in merchandise variety, but it also differs from Company G in that it is internet-based only and is highly interested in further corporate acquisitions—very different from Company G’s â€Å"community store concept†. Bruner, Eades, Schill, 2010, pp. 96-97). Since Company H has a variety of merchandise to sell, along with its interest in acquisitions; it has a significantly higher level of net fixed assets than that of Company G. Acquisitions will always increase the level of net fixed assets. Since Company G tends to implement a strategy that does not favor large acquisitions, its level is lower at a level of 7. 6 versus 24. 4 in Company H. Company H also exceeds Company G in most of the liabilities section, which automatically gives Company H a leg up in being able to take on more liabilities such as credits and loans. However, Company G comes out winning in terms of income and expenses, with a net income of 8. 5%. Company H’s net income ended at 2. 9%. This also relates to lowered percentage of SGA expenses on Company G’s side, higher interest income, special items income, and its lower percentage of income taxes. Company G is also considered to be more liquid than Company G, with a current ratio of 1. 57 versus Company H’s 1. 49. This indicates that while Company G has more liabilities, it is better-able to pay its short-term liabilities than Company H. It is understandable why Company H keeps its liabilities slightly lower so that they do not become overwhelmed with short-terms loans and notes that it will not be able to pay back on time.

The Role Of Communications In An Organisation English Language Essay

The Role Of Communications In An Organisation English Language Essay Understanding the role of communications in an organization: 1.1: Explain the communication processes used within my organization (TESCO): Communication process is the process of sending data from one source to another intentionally with a meaning perceived by the receiver. If a company wants to survive in the industry then communication plays a vital role. Without proper communication no work can be completed successfully in organization. It is simply passing information from one to another. There are six basic elements of communication process which are sender (encoder), message, channel, receiver (decoder), noise, and feedback. Tesco uses modern communication process where ICT is vital.  Tesco controls and monitor their every aspect of their operation by using ICT, which includes stock, distribution, payroll, communication methods, and so on 1.2: Analyse the purpose of communication process used within TESCO: In Tesco communication helps to achieve its aims and objectives. Although it doesnt help to achieve all of the aims and objective still help to achieve their main aims and objectives such as To make profit To expand To provide good services to the customers To provides jobs Tesco advertise their product thorough brochures, Internet, television to inform people about their product rates and special offers at the stores at the time. Tesco spends lots of money to advertise their products and make sure that have reached their customers. This will attract more customers and enables Tesco to make a profit. Tesco advertises vacancies thorough Internet and newspaper and find a right person for the job to provide good services to the customers. If Tesco makes profit it will help them to expand and create more jobs so advertisements helps Tesco to achieve their aims and objectives such as making profit, expand and creating jobs. Tesco used costly and effective communication method such as demonstration, video in training so that the colleagues can be trained efficiently so they can provide good services to the customers. Tesco used to check their availability of product and order them at right time so they can provide better services. They do not want to disappoint the customers and they advertise their prospectus and advertise their financial performance to attract new shareholders so they can get more money, which will help them expand worldwide. Tesco need to communicate very well because they are running their business at international level. If business wants to expand worldwide or want to create new jobs they need to make profit. Tesco makes 3 million profits a day and serving more than billions of customers per week. Tesco need to check there expire dates and quality of their product so that their customers are not affected. Tesco arranges meeting with the staff so they can discuss and create new ideas and feedback about their services and Tesco used to communicates with customers and take their ideas and complaints to improve their services. Tesco uses to give written warning to their employees and the person who breaches the employment contract and they finally dismiss them they have written evidence and they can use it for future references and they employ the staff that can take care of their customers. Tesco uses overhead projector to analyse the profit forecast with the employees and accountant which is very expensive and Tesco used to arrange meetings with their senior manager so they can get a better decision and to solve problem and this will help them to make profit and expand. Tesco provide walkie-talkie to their security guard to protect their premise and customer belonging in the stores. Tesco use e-mails, mobile phones, and pager and fax to communicate within their employees to pass any urgent information in terms of emergencies such as break down of machines, raw materials needed this will help them to provide good services to the customers. Tesco writes letters to their customer about the nectar value or the amount due to them by the customers. Tesco prepares reports about the company legal obligations, which can be used for future references. 1.3: Analyse communication barriers in TESCO: There can be a few problems with the use of ICT in Tesco.   Faults of computers can slow down the processing systems, fraud can take place and the cost of ICT is very expensive.   But Tesco has the latest ICT equipment and is not getting any major problems.   There ICT system gives them the best support to meet its objectives. Tesco spent about  £133 million on ICT that is about 1.4% of their turnover, this clearly shows that ICT is a great success for the company and is fit for its purpose.  ICT is value for money and very effective in helping Tesco achieve its business objectives. Be able to manage interpersonal communication skills: 2.1 Auditing my Communication Skills: The communication skills that I am used to are: Tone/pitch, Slang, Pace, Gestures, Body language, Listening, Facial expression, Eye contact, Group interactions. 2.2: The use of my communication skills within organizational setting: My tone and pitch was appropriated I did not shout at of my client as this would make him/her angry or even intimidating to talk to me so I kept it at a level that he/she could hear me clearly. I did not used any slangs and jargon because my client may not of understand what I was say so he/she will be confused not only just my clients but others within the group also the only time it is appropriate for me to use slang is when I am talking with my friends. I used appropriate pace I did not talk to fast because people may not heard clearly what I was saying. In order to get my point across I talk slowly  and clearly to that my point could be heard. Gestures- I used appropriate gestures for the other to understand what I was trying to say. Adapted the used of Egan theory of SOLER which stands for Squarely, Open, Lean, Eye contact, Relaxed. I lean forward to show that I was interested in what he/she was saying I kept my contact and I also faced him/her squarely. I had to listen to wha t he/she was saying so that I can summarize my facial expression was welcoming I smiled at him/her to make him/her feel safe and felt I feeling of love and belonging according to Maslow hierarchy of needs I kept my eye contact on the person that was talking to show that I was listening. As I was a group interaction I gave other people time to talk I did not talk over anybody voice. In my group interaction with my client I appeared to be interested and kept good facial expressions.     One 2 one When talking to the child I used the correct tone I did not shout or this would make him angry to I get calmed I also talked slowly and clearly to he can hear what I was saying. I kept good eye contact with the child I listen to what he was saying and I ask him some open question so that he can express himself. I did not stand over him when I was talking or he may feel intimidating. I kept good facial expression mostly my smiling at him. I did not use any slangs or jargon just simple words that he may understand. I also incorporated Maslow by showing love, belonging and safety. I showed hid that he can come and talked to me without by afraid. I played with him nicely and made in happy so that he would know that he is in a safe environment. Care value base I did not shout at the person as they have the right to be treated with respect. I tried to empower them to make their own decision   I done this my asking the seven year old boy what he would like to do. I did not pass any racism comment or else I would be discriminating against their diversity being race religion culture etc. I also gave them the rights to their own beliefs I did not slag them off but I gave them the chance to explain themselves. I maintained confidentiality as this builds trust I done this by not passing important information about the clients to others and also it would breach the data protection act. 2.3: The effectiveness of my communication skills within organizational setting: Communication is the best tool by which a person can express and try to convey its point but it is not necessary that the receiver takes it in the right way as the sender must have perceived.   Why do we learn how to communicate effectively as poor communication and lack of communication skills can lead to misunderstandings, fights, low morale, arguments and change the perception of the audience or the receiver 2.4: A development plan to improve my own communication skills, using feedback from others: Successful communication is not about me and getting what I want; it is about discovering what other people want and need and then adapting my presentation to match their needs. As I practice and develop my skills, I find that people gladly  adopt my ideas because I have subtly helped them to discover them for themselves rather than telling them about them. To development plan to improve my own communication skills, using feedback from others I generally use the following process: Visual- use conversation to describe things check that spectacles are been worn help the person to touch things explain the detail sighted people take for granted Hearing- do not shout, speak normal and clear and make sure your face is visible so that those who can lip read are able to do so write message or use pictures check for hearing aid   Environmental- Check and improve the lighting Change to a quieter setting Work in smaller group if it would help you to see and hear each other more easily. Time- give people more time to talk and understand Be able to manage my workplace communications: 3.1: Improvements to my workplace communications: Improving communication can lead to healthier relationships and further motivation which is much needed in company. From what we can understand, it is hard to measure the motivation of the secretary, which appears quite low. Although it may seem like there are a lot of problems, many other issues are not; for example, poor language skills, hierarchy, and emotional interference. There are two main types of communication; formal and informal. It is important to know which to use for certain information. Formal communication runs through a procedure or protocol whereas informal is quite the opposite, where information is communicated through unreliable sources, such as the grapevine. Communication with the secretary seemed considerably informal; especially at times when it would have been more desirable to be formal. To ensure important information is carried through, it is highly recommended to be formal and use the right medium for communication. 3.2: Implementation of a plan to improve my workplace communications: To implement a plan to improve my workplace communications following are necessary: I believe there are more things to improve on in my group communication because sometimes it was a lot harder as there was more than one person. It was also harder because there was someone who is a resident and then there were 4 staff members between 20-35. There were a few barriers in this communication because we were outside and it was raining, everyone was cold and also we all had umbrellas covering our faces. My active listening sometimes wasnt very good because everyone was talking over one another, I think that if I had spoken up then I could of grasped what was getting said but because I was only there on placement I thought that I shouldnt but in although who I was talking to should have taken turns in speaking.    My eye contact sometimes wasnt very good because it was raining so there were umbrellas in the way of peoples faces and its harder to use eye contact within a group communication. The reason I didnt use much eye contact was because everyone was speaking over one another so I kept glancing at everyone but my main focus was on someone. This was because I wanted him to feel comfortable although it was cold outside. I didnt use touch in my group communication as I thought it wasnt needed. This was because we were all outside and it was cold. Everyone had an umbrella to themselves so you couldnt really get close enough to anyone to touch them. Although I did help someone get out of his chair when it was time to go back inside. To improve on this I believe I could have helped someone a bit more with getting in and out of his chair because then I would have used touch more appropriately rather than just grabbing at his hand to help him walk inside. I didnt grab at his hand because I knew he could walk on his own with the aid of a walking stick but if he had of asked me to hold his hand then I would have done. 3.3: Develop measures to evaluate success of a plan to improve my workplace communications: It is a necessity Nobody can do without communicating we communicate even if we are silent by our facial expression, or the posture we are sitting etc.   Therefore, we need to know the communication process to communicate effectively. It is a two-way process It includes sending a message and the response to that message. It is not complete unless the receiver has correctly known the message and his response (feedback) becomes known to the sender. It always involves two parties sender and receiver Two or more individual are involved in communication, in the organization point of view it can be upward, downward, horizontal or vertical.   The flow of communication is a circular one It is continuous, on-going process. It is a pervasive function; performed in all types of organizations at all the levels of management. Organization surely cannot do without communication. It is like Bow out of the arrow You can never take back your words whatever you say is already said and already observed by the receiver like for e.g. when we are angry we say things which we are not suppose to say even if we apologize it is irreversible.   That is the reason we have to be careful in saying anything to anybody this goes professionally as well personally. Recommendations and Conclusion Improving communication can lead to healthier relationships and further motivation which is much needed in Johns company. From what we can understand, it is hard to measure the motivation of the secretary, which appears quite low. Although it may seem like there are a lot of problems, many other issues are not; for example, poor language skills, hierarchy, and emotional interference. The crucial problems in the organisation can easily be avoided simply by exercising effective communication practice. This would include understanding different methods, forms and mediums of communication.